COUNCIL #1
Play the name game (name + 2 favorite people in the world).
Tell your group members your name, major, career goals.
What are 3 things you wish people could know about you when they first meet you but wont know about you until they get to know you?
Discuss 4 things you would love to do if money and time were available to you. Please describe each.
What is your earliest memory? Paint a picture of this memory using words by describing what you saw, heard, smelled, tasted, etc. Describe what happened.
State 2 things you enjoyed about council today.
Obtain the email/number of each of your council members
The required textbook
for this course is
David Myers’
Exploring
Psychology,
Eighth Edition
(©2010, Worth)
(bundled in the bookstore with the Scientific American Reader)
ISBN-10: 1429216352
ISBN-13: 978-1429216357
GUIDELINES FOR STUDYING PSYCHOLOGY
Learn the ____________ who developed theories (ideas) in Psychology.
Learn theories well (understand each concept).
Learn ____________ within theories.
Research the advantages and disadvantages of theories to develop your critical thinking.
Review your notes and/or book ____________ before every class!
Write down ____________ learned during lecture, ask your ____________ define words for your or look them up, and practice using them immediately.
Student Learning Outcome, Chapter 1:
Explain the steps of the scientific method and how it helps distinguish science from _________________.
Lecture Overview
What is Psychology?
Psychology’s Roots
Contemporary Psychology
Why Do Psychology?
What About Intuition and Common Sense?
The Scientific Attitude
Critical Thinking
How Do Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions?
The Scientific Method
Description
Correlation
Experimentation
Psychology’s Roots
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)
Aristotle, a naturalist and philosopher, theorized about psychology’s concepts. He suggested that the _______________________________ and that ____________________________.
Psychological Science is Born
________ and psychology’s first graduate students studied the “atoms of the mind” by conducting experiments at Leipzig, Germany, in 1879. This work is considered the birth of psychology as we know it today.
Psychological Science is Born
American philosopher ___________ wrote an important psychology textbook in 1890.
__________, James’s student, became the APA’s first female president
Psychological Science is Born
_________________, an Austrian physician, and his followers emphasized the importance of the _________________ and its effects on human ___________.
Psychological Science is Born
Psychology originated in many disciplines and countries. It was, until the 19____, defined as the ________________________________.
Psychological Science Develops
Behaviorist
__________________________________ emphasized the study of _________ behavior as the subject matter of scientific psychology.
Psychological Science Develops
Humanistic Psychology
__________________________________ emphasized current environmental influences on our growth potential and our need for __________________________________.
Talk to a partner
How would you define psychology?
Psychology Today
We define psychology today as the __________________________________ (what we do) and _________________ (inner thoughts and feelings).
Psychology’s Big Question
____________ (Biology) versus _____________ (Environment)
Today’s psychologists explore the nature-nurture issue by asking questions such as:
Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis
chart in book
Psychology’s Subfields: Research
chart in book
Psychology’s Subfields: Research
chart in book
Psychology’s Subfields: Applied
chart in book
Psychology’s Subfields: Applied
chart in book
Clinical Psychology vs. Psychiatry
A clinical psychologist (Ph.D.) studies, assesses, and treats troubled people with psychotherapy.
Psychiatrists on the other hand are medical professionals (M.D.) who use treatments like drugs and psychotherapy to treat psychologically diseased patients.
ACTIVITY
Write down 1-3 question on a piece of paper that is related to your interest or curiosity in Psychology.
Please do not ask “What is Psychology?”
Why Do Psychology?
The science of psychology helps make these examined conclusions, which leads to our understanding of how people ____________________________
The Scientific Attitude
Critical Thinking
Critical thinking does not accept arguments and _________________.
It examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, _________________ and assesses conclusions.
Critical Thinking
How can you engage in critical thinking and be a skeptical consumer of information when you are reading a news report or listening to a conversation?
Ask questions!
How do they know that?
What is this person’s _______?
Is the conclusion based on anecdote and gut feelings, or on evidence?
Does the evidence _______ a cause-effect conclusion?
What ___________ explanations are possible?
How Do Psychologists Ask & Answer Questions?
Psychologists, like all scientists, use the _____________________ construct theories that _______, summarize and simplify ______________. The scientific method helps facilitate critical thinking.
Revisit
What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis?
Theory
A _______ is an explanation that integrates principles and organizes and _______ behavior or events.
For example, ____________________________ to depression.
Hypothesis
A _______ is a testable statement that describes the ____________________________ or more _______. Note: the hypothesis below is measurable!
People with ___________________________________ more depressed.
Research Observations
Research would require us to administer tests of self-esteem and depression. Individuals who score_______ on a self-esteem test and _______ on a depression test would confirm our hypothesis.
RESEARCH METHODS
Descriptive
Survey, Naturalistic Observation
Correlation
Correlation coefficient
Correlation does not equal causation!
Formal Experiment (a.k.a. Experiment)
control group, experimental group
Descriptive Methods of Research
Case Study
Survey
A technique for ascertaining the _____________________, opinions or behaviors of people usually done by questioning a ______________, random sample of people.
Naturalistic Observation
Observing and recording the behavior of ______________and recording self-seating patterns in a multiracial school lunch room constitute naturalistic observation.
ANOTHER TYPE OF RESEARCH METHOD: CORRELATION
Correlation Coefficient is a ______________ of the relationship between______________.
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